News Summary · 3 minutes read
Anuparna Roy won Best Director in the Orizzonti section at the 82nd Venice Film Festival | Photo – AP
Stay ahead in your UPSC CSE preparation with our daily News Summary. Designed to save time, it highlights key national and international events from leading newspapers and government websites.
100 years of the Self-Respect Movement
- E. V. Ramaswamy (Periyar) quit the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1925 → he thought that INC was unable to address caste discrimination and Brahminical dominance.
- Periyar was invited by S. Ramanathan in 1925 to initiate the Self-Respect Movement (SRM) in Tamil Nadu → SRM was formally launched at a special conference of the Justice Party in 1925 in Coimbatore.
- SRM promoted:
- Gender equality
- Economic parity in the society
- Renouncement of the caste system and religion
- Women’s access to birth control
- Revitalization of Dravidian languages
- Annai Meenanmbal and Veerammal were the two prominent women leaders associated with the SRM.
- Periyar published Kudi Arasu (weekly) and Viduthalai (newspaper) to promote his social reform ideas.
What is Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)?
- PAM is a rare but fatal disease caused by an amoeba named Naegleria fowleri → commonly found in stagnant waters and enters the body through the nose or eardrum and reaches the brain.
- Children are more vulnerable to PAM as their cribriform plate (separates nasal cavity and the skull) has more porous openings compared to adults.
- Many case of PAM have been detected in Kerala in recent times.
💡Amoeba: A single-celled organism that belongs to the group of protozoans → marked by its ability to change shape through extensions of its cytoplasm called pseudopodia (“false feet”), which it uses for movement and to capture food.
💡Meningoencephalitis: Simultaneous inflammation of both the meninges (protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) and the brain tissue, caused by infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and parasites → Meningitis refers to inflammation of the meninges, while Encephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain tissue.
SCO Trade Ministers’ Meeting held in Vladivostok (Russia) on 6 September 2025
- India was represented by Amitabh Kumar, Additional Secretary, Department of Commerce.
- Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) accounts for 42% of the world’s population and 17.2% of global trade.
💡SCO is a Eurasian political, economic and international security organization of 10 member states. It was established in 2001 by China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. In June 2017, it expanded to eight states, with India and Pakistan. Iran joined it in 2023, and Belarus in 2024.
Miscellaneous
- Indian government estimates the fiscal deficit during 2025-26 at 4.4% of the GDP, or ₹15.69 lakh crore.
- Indian filmmaker Anuparna Roy has won Best Director award for her film “Songs of Forgotten Trees” in the Orizzonti section (highlights new and indie films) at the 82nd Venice Film Festival.
- Dong village in Arunachal Pradesh will host Sunrise Festival in December 2025 → Dong is located on the easternmost tip of India, where the first sun ray touches Indian soil.
- Japan’s PM Shigeru Ishiba announced his resignation.
- Pismis 24: a star-forming region, recently captured by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope.
- Parrondo’s paradox: when two losing strategies are alternated in a particular sequence, the outcome can be a winning strategy → recently highlighted in the context of cancer therapy.
- USA is India’s largest export market for Indian-manufactured generic drugs → USA accounts for 31.35% of India’s total pharmaceutical exports.
- Anutin Charnvirakul: Thailand’s new Prime Minister.
- Guyana’s President Irfaan Ali has been re-elected for a second term.
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