Introduction
The requirement of energy in Uttar Pradesh is being fully met by both commercial and non-commercial sources. The sources of commercial energy include electricity, petroleum, coal, nuclear, chemicals, etc. while the sources of non-commercial energy include wood, cow dung ( upale ), waste materials, etc. But in the changing circumstances, the importance of non-commercial energy sources is gradually decreasing and the importance of commercial sources is increasing. In this too, especially of electrical energy.
Traditionally, there have been two main sources of electric energy production in the state – water and coal. But in the changing circumstances, along with these traditional sources, attention is also being paid to the development of non-conventional sources (solar, wind, bio, waste, geothermal etc.).
History of development of energy resources in the state
Many thermal and hydro power stations had been established in the state even before independence for power generation.
After independence, ‘Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board’ was formed in April 1959 for rapid development of electrical energy in the state.
The position of electric power in the state was satisfactory till 1997-98. After this, the gap between production and demand started increasing gradually and organizational reforms were emphasized to solve the problem.
The first step in the course of electricity reforms was taken in 1998, when the Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission was constituted for independent determination of tariffs under the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission Act, 1998. After this, the Uttar Pradesh Electricity Reform Act, 1999 was implemented in the year 2000 for a radical change in the electricity organization of the state. According to this law, all the properties, interests, rights and liabilities, actions and personnel of the Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board were transferred to three corporations, which are as follows-
- Uttar Pradesh State Power Generation Corporation Ltd. – For thermal power generation,
- Uttar Pradesh Jal Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. – for hydro power generation and
- Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. – For transmission, distribution and power supply works.
In the second phase of reforms, 5 distribution companies (corporations) were formed, including the previously formed Kanpur Vidyut Vitran Company, such as —
- Kanpur Electricity Suply Company Ltd. ( KESCO ) / Kanpur Vidyut Vitran Company Ltd.
- Purvanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. ( PVVNL ) – for Prayagraj, Varanasi, Gorakhpur and Azamgarh regions.
- Paschimanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. ( PVVNL ) – For Meerut, Moradabad, Saharanpur and Noida.
- Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. ( MVVNL )
- Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. ( DVVNL ) – It is responsible for power distribution in the 21 district of UP.
UP Power Corporation and UP Power Transmission Corporation Ltd. were also separated under the UP Electricity Reform Scheme, 2010.
Franchisee system was started in 2009 for distribution and collection in urban areas. On an experimental basis, in April 2010, for the first time, the responsibility of power distribution and collection of Agra has been given to private sector Torrent Power Company of Mumbai as ‘input based franchisee’ for 20 years. The said company is purchasing power directly from KESCO’s power sub-stations and supplying it to the consumers. KESCO will continue to exist. Seeing the results of this experiment, a decision will be taken to implement this system in other metropolitan cities of the state.
Franchisee system for rural revenue collection has been implemented in 2007 in total 19,077 villages of Agra, Meerut, Lucknow and Varanasi.
The demand of electricity in the state is increasing at the rate of about 12% every year. Therefore, many measures are being taken to increase the power generation.
Electricity Generation
At present, there are two sources of electricity produced by the state government – thermal power and hydropower. The work of thermal power generation is under the State Electricity Production Corporation Limited, while the work related to the production of hydropower is under Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited.
Thermal Power Generation
Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. came into existence from January 14, 2000. This corporation is responsible for the construction, maintenance, improvement etc. of thermal power houses under the control of the state government. A total of 24 units are functioning under the Corporation at Harduaganj, Pareeksha, Anpara, Obra etc.
Harduaganj Thermal Power Station :
- The oldest power station in the state was established in 1942 near Aligarh.
- Units of 220 MW capacity have been installed in these.
- This thermal house was renovated in 1967 with the help of Russia.
- Production has started from 2×250 MW Harduaganj Extension-I project.
- Power generation has started from January 2022 from the 660 MW Harduaganj Thermal Expansion-II project.
Pariksha Thermal Project :
- This project located near Jhansi has a pre-installed capacity of 640 MW.
- Both the units of 500 MW Pareeksha Thermal Expansion Project have been commissioned.
Obra Thermal Power Station :
- This thermal power station was established from 1967 to 1971 with the help of former Soviet Union.
- The total installed capacity of this plant is 1288 MW.
- Singrauli Coal Mine (Sonbhadra) is adjacent to this plant.
Obra ‘C’ Thermal Project :
- This 2×660 MW project is being constructed by the State Government. Likely to be completed soon.
Anpara ‘A’ Thermal Power Station :
- The installed capacity of this thermal power station located in Sonbhadra is more than 1500 MW. Anpara ‘B’ thermal power station is also located here.
Anpara ‘D’ Thermal Power Project :
- 1000 MW Anpara ‘D’ project has been set up by the state government in the campus of Anpara ‘A’ and ‘B’ projects.
- The first unit of 500 MW of this project has been commissioned on March 31, 2015, the second unit will also be commissioned soon.
Panki Expansion Thermal Project :
- The 210 MW 50-year-old thermal project of the State Power Generation Corporation at Panki in Kanpur district has been completely closed in January 2018.
- From January 2019, a new unit of 660 MW capacity is being set up here.
Hydro Power Generation
Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited –
- According to the provisions of the year 2000, the Jal Vidyut Utpadan Nigam is responsible for the operation, maintenance and survey, research and construction of all (large and small) hydro power houses in the state.
- At present there are total 7 hydro power projects in the state under the Corporation. The production projects of the corporation are as follows-
Rihand Dam Hydroelectric Project – In this project, a dam and an artificial lake named Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar have been built on Rihand river at a place called Pipri in Sonbhadra district of the state, in which 6 units of 50 MW each have been installed.
Obra Hydroelectric Power Station – About 25 km from Rihand Dam in the north, at a place called Obra (Sonbhadra), another dam has been built on the Rihand river, which is called the Obra dam. The production capacity of this power house is 99 MW.
The Ganges Power System located on the Upper Ganga Canal – This canal originates from near Haridwar. Pathari and Muhammadpur (Saharanpur), Nirgajani and Salawa (Muzaffarnagar), Bhola (Meerut), Palra (Bulandshahr) and Sumera (Aligarh) etc. are many small hydropower stations on this canal, which are called the Ganges Power System as a whole. Their total installed capacity is 13.70 MW.
Eastern Yamuna Canal Hydroelectric Project – Under this project, many small hydroelectric power houses have been established at Belka, Babel etc. on the Eastern Yamuna Canal with a total installed capacity of 6 MW.
Sheetla Hydro Electric Project – This 3.6 MW project has been constructed by the corporation in Jhansi.
Khara Hydroelectric Project – This 72 MW hydroelectric project has been set up by the Corporation on the Yamuna Canal in Saharanpur.
Pareeksha Hydroelectric Power Station – This project of 2×110 MW capacity near Jhansi is under construction on Betwa river.
Rajghat Hydroelectric Project – This joint project of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh is being constructed by the Corporation on the Betwa River in Lalitpur district.
Matatila Hydro Electric Project – This dam is built on Betwa river in Lalitpur district. The power generation capacity of this power house, built in collaboration with Madhya Pradesh, is 30.6 MW. From here electricity is supplied to the nearby districts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.
Small/Minor Hydropower
Hydro power projects up to 25 MW are kept in the category of small hydro power projects. According to the 2011-12 report of the Central Government’s MNI, a potential of 460 MW capacity is available in the state’s canals, out of which only 25 MW capacity small projects have been established so far. Therefore; Small hydro power policy was announced by the state government in 2009 to seek cooperation of private developers for maximum expansion of small hydro power projects.
- Accordingly, UPNEDA has been made the nodal agency for hydropower projects up to 15 MW.
- UPNEDA = Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency.
- UPNEDA is trying to identify more than 10 projects in the state.
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)
At present, a total of 9 power projects of National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) are operating in the state, which are as follows-
- Singrauli (Sonbhadra) – Coal base
- Singrauli (Sonbhadra) – Water (Hydro) Base
- Rihand (Sonbhadra) – Coal Base
- Unchahar (Rae Bareli) – Coal Base
- Tanda (Ambedkar Nagar) – Coal Base
- Dibiyapur (Auraiya) — Gas base and solar base
- Dadri (Gautam Buddha Nagar) – Gas Base
- Bilhaur (Kanpur) – Solar Base
- Meja (Prayagraj) – Coal Base
- Meja is a joint project of NTPC and the Government of Uttar Pradesh.
Joint Venture
Tehri Hydroelectric Project – The first phase (1000 MW) of this joint project of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and the Center under construction at Tehri (Uttarakhand) at the confluence of Bhagirathi (Ganga) and Bhilangana rivers has been commissioned in 2006. Out of this, Uttar Pradesh is getting its share of 406 MW power.
Meja Urja Nigam Private Limited ( MUNPL ) – It is a 50:50 joint venture between NTPC Ltd. & Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam. It was established in 2008. The company owns Meja Thermal Power Station. It has a 2×260 MW coal based thermal power plant. The power plant is located in Meja tehsil in Prayagraj district of UP. Both the units of the power plant have been commissioned. The power generated by the plant is mainly supplied to the states of UP as well as Uttarakhand, Chandigarh, Rajasthan, Punjab, J&K, Delhi, MP and Haryana.
Neyveli Uttar Pradesh Power Ltd. ( NUPPL ) – It is a 51:49 joint venture of Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Ltd. & Uttar Pradesh Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd. It is a coal based Suercritical Thermal Power Plant with capacity of 1980 MW ( 3×660 ) at Ghatampur tehsil in Kanpur. This project is currently under construction.
Private Sector
Projects of many private sector companies are under construction / under agreement in the state. In which the main ones are as follows –
Rosa Thermal Power Project – This 4×300 MW coal based project has been established in Shahjahanpur. The project belonged to the private sector Aditya Birla Group but was acquired by the Reliance Group in 2006. The first, second, third and fourth units of this project have been commissioned in December 2009, May 2010, December 2011 and 2012 respectively.
Vishnu Prayag Jal Power Project – The establishment of 400 MW project has been set up at Vishnu Prayag of Chamoli (Uttarakhand) district. This project has been made on the Alakanda River. This project has been manufactured by the company named Jai Prakash Power Ventures Ltd. of the Private Sector, on the purchase contract of Uttar Pradesh. This is to give 12% of the total electricity produced in Uttarakhand as a royalty, the remaining electricity purchases the Uttar Pradesh government. The power generation was started in 2006 from the units of this plant.
Srinagar Hydroelectric Project – This project is being set up by a private company named M/s Alakanda Hydropower Company. It is being set up at a place called Srinagar (Pauri Garhwal) in Uttarakhand. The capacity of this project is 330 MW. It was inaugurated on 3 March 2014. 12% of its total production is given free of cost to Uttaranchal. The rest is purchased by the Uttar Pradesh government as per the contract.
Anpara ‘C’ Power Project – This 2×600 MW thermal project has been set up by private sector company Lenco Kondapalli Ltd. at Anpara (Sonbhadra). Both its units have been commissioned by January, 2012.
Bara (Sangam) Thermal Power Station – Production has started from all the units of 3×660 MW thermal power project set up by JP Group but taken over by Tata Group in Bara Tehsil of Prayagraj.
Lalitpur Thermal Power Station – The first unit (660 MW) of 3×660 MW thermal power station set up by Bajaj Group at Lalitpur has been commissioned in September 2015.
Jawahar Thermal Power Project – A 2×260 MW thermal project is under construction at Malavan, Etah.
Nuclear Power
Two nuclear reactors of indigenous design, advanced pressurized and heavy water based 220-220 MW capacity are working near the Ganga at a place named Narora in Bulandshahr district of the state. The first of these two was commissioned in January 1991 and the second in July 1992. Two more reactors of similar capacity are nearing completion.
Development of non-conventional energy sources
For the development of non-conventional or renewable energy sources in the country, the Center established the following institutions –
- Commission on additional sources of energy in 1981,
- Department of Non-Conventional Energy Sources in 1982 and
- Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency in 1987.
The Alternative Energy Development Institute was established in 1983 as an autonomous organization under the Energy Sources Department of Uttar Pradesh. Under which NEDA* offices have been opened for project implementation in 55 districts at the district level. Various programs of alternative energy by this institute; Various schemes are being implemented for the development and dissemination of suitable techniques for harnessing non-conventional energy sources such as solar cooker, solar water heater, solar lighting plant, solar power panning, solar photo voltaic pump, wind monitoring and hydropower. , so that energy needs can be met in both urban and rural areas.
- UPNEDA – Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency.*
Research, Development and Training Centre – Centers for research, development and training of new and renewable energy sources have been established by UPNEDA in collaboration with the Center at Ghosi (Mau), Chinhat (Lucknow) and Kannauj.
Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant – Grid connected solar photovoltaic power plants of 100-100 kW capacity were established in 1992 as a research project in Saraysadi village (Mau), Kalyanpur village (Aligarh) and Harraiya (Basti) in the state.
Solar parks are being developed in Jalaun, Kanpur Dehat, Mirzapur and Prayagraj districts of the state under the Solar Park Scheme launched by the Centre.
For the establishment of grid-connected projects in the state, large solar parks have been established and are being established by private developers in Jalaun, Kanpur Dehat, Mirzapur, Mahoba, Lalitpur and Hamirpur.
New Solar Energy Policy; 2022 – This policy has been emphasized on increasing power generation from non-conventional energy sources and the goal of achieving 22 thousand MW production capacity in the next five years has been set. The state government will spend 7,698 crore in the next five years to achieve this goal. In this policy, except Ayodhya, it has been talked about developing the remaining 16 municipal corporations of the state and Noida as Solar City while Ayodhya as Model Solar City.
Solar Cooker – This is a system in which solar energy is converted into thermal energy to cook food. There are two types of cookers (box type and dish type) in this, on the purchase of these cookers, the central and state governments give grants.
Solar Water Heater – In this device also solar energy is converted into thermal energy and the water gets heated.
Solar Home Light – This plant provides light for 5 to 16 hours at night. The plants are being distributed from the NEDA offices located in the districts on the grant of the Central and State Government. The offered plant consists of a 37W solar panel, 2 CFLs of 9W and a 12V battery.
Solar Lantern – In this system a 10 watt solar panel, 5 or 7 watt CFL, a 12 volt x 7 amp battery is given on some government subsidy.
Solar street lights – In those villages where electricity has not yet reached, a maximum of 10 solar street lights are given for villages of 200 families. For a street light, 1 solar panel of 74 watt, a battery of 12 x 17, CFL tube of 11 watt and a pole is given which gives light for 5-6 hours in the night.
Solar Photovoltaic Pump (Drinking Water) – In villages where there is lack of clean drinking water supply, solar pumps are being installed at the sites approved or allotted by the Gram Panchayats keeping in mind the ST, SC and BC beneficiaries. The expenditure on this is borne by the Gram Panchayat. In this scheme, a 1200 watt solar panel and a submersible pump are installed at a depth of 100 feet.
Solar photovoltaic pump (for irrigation) – 1.20 lakh to 1.40 lakh liters of water per day can be obtained for irrigation from solar photovoltaic pump for irrigation in rural areas. The solar pump can be easily used in an area where the water level is 6-7 meters.
Aditya Solar Shop Yojana – Aditya Solar Shops are being established in different cities of the state with the objective of ensuring easy availability of solar and other plants to the buyers of energy plants. Funded by the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Government of India, necessary facilities for servicing and repair of plants are also provided under this scheme. With the help of the Government of India, 54 renewable energy shops have been established in the state.
Solar City Program – Central Government is giving assistance to develop Agra, Prayagraj and Moradabad as Solar Cities.
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Nagariya Saur Punj Yojana – Under this scheme, running from 2016-17, light and drinking water are being made available through solar energy in the municipal bodies of Bundelkhand and Naxal-affected areas.
Biogas and biomass power and related plants
Institutional Biogas Plant – Institutional biogas plants based on cow dung and organic residues are established in government/semi-government, charitable, private dairy farms etc. organizations by giving various types of cooperation. The gas obtained from this is used for cooking, lighting and running engines.
Combustion Based Biomass Power Project – Three grid connected power plants have been set up in Ghazipur, Mathura and Kanpur in the private sector to generate electricity by combustion technology using biomass other than Bagaj. The total capacity of these plants is 38 MW. These plants sell excess power to the state government than they use.
Biomass Gasifier Plant – This plant converts biomass paddy husk and wood into highly inflammable gas, which is called producer gas. The gas produced is used for power generation by burning directly or by running an engine. 41.65 MW power capacity has been created by setting up gasifier plants of various capacities by more than 171 industrial units of the state.
Industrial waste based plant – 150 MW plants can be made in the state from the waste generated from various industrial units, distilleries, food process industries, dairies, pulp and paper mills etc. Till 2019-20, a plant of 104 MW capacity had been set up in the state based on waste coming out of distilleries.
Garbage based power generation project – A national program is being run by the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Government of India to encourage energy/power generation as a byproduct from the process of scientific disposal of garbage generated in the cities. According to the policy announced by the Government of Uttar Pradesh for setting up such projects in the private sector in accordance with the guidelines of the Government of India, the following arrangements have been made for the establishment of the project:
- Land on lease at the rate of Re 1 per square metre,
- The required waste for the project should be made available by the Municipal Corporation and
- There is a provision to buy the produced electricity by the state government.
A 5 MW demonstration project has been set up in Lucknow by Asia Bioenergy, Chennai, a private entrepreneur in collaboration with the Government of India from 300 tonnes of waste. Apart from Lucknow, such projects are also being set up in Kanpur, Meerut, Bareilly, Varanasi, Ghaziabad, Agra and Prayagraj.
Bagasse Based Power Projects – Additional power can be generated from bagasse available in various sugar mills of Uttar Pradesh. To encourage such projects in the state, under the policy announced by the government, there is a provision for purchasing and wheeling and banking the electricity generated by the Power Corporation Ltd. at the rates fixed. In the districts of Lakhimpur, Moradabad, Rojogaon Bareilly, Ghaziabad, Bulandshahar, Baghpat, Muzaffarnagar and Bijnor, a total of 1900 MW projects were set up by 65 private sector sugar mills till 2017-18.
Energy Parks – Energy parks are being set up in various districts to provide information about programs/plants related to alternative energy to the public through live demonstrations. A state level energy park has been set up at the zoo in Lucknow.
Border Area Development Program – This program is being run in the state since 1999-2000. Under this, installation of alternative energy related solar home lights, solar lanterns, solar pumps and solar water heaters of 500 liters capacity in the border development blocks of Bahraich, Shravasti, Maharajganj, Pilibhit, Lakhimpur, Balrampur and Siddharthnagar districts bordering the international border and Distribution is in progress.
Wind Energy – According to the report of Central Organization MNRE*, 1260 MW potential of electricity generation from wind energy is available in the state at a height of 80 meters. At present two wind monitoring masts of 80 m height have been installed by THDC India Ltd. in Shahjahanpur and Kheri districts for study. Such masts have been installed by UPNEDA in Gonda, Balrampur and Siddharth Nagar.
- MNRE = Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
National Biogas Program – 100% funded by the Government of India, this program was started in 1981-82 and is being run since 1982-83 under the State Rural Development Department.
Point To Remember
Energy has become primary necessity of human of this age. With increasing population activities, the energy demand is also increasing. Strategic efforts are being made by the state government to increase generation keeping in view the increasing demand for electricity.
General Information
Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board was formed in 1959. Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board was divided into two parts in the year 2000: one, Jal Vidyut Utpadan Nigam and second, Power Corporation.
The Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission was constituted in 1998.
Electricity distribution and franchise system in rural areas was started in the year 2000 in Agra district.
Toll-free number 1912 is there for the convenience of electricity consumers in the state.
The only nuclear power station in the state is at Narora, Bulandshahr. It was established in 1991-92. It has an installed power generation capacity of 2×220 MW.
‘Saubhagya Yojana’ for electricity connection in the state is running since December 17, 2017.
For Anpara Thermal Power Plant, the machinery for first three units were provided by BHEL and Mitsubishi Corporation (Japan) provided machinery for remaining two units.
Electricity supply to Hindalco Aluminium Plant (Renukoot) is provided by Rihand Thermal Power Plant.
Two projects with 100-100 kW capacity based on solar photo-voltaic technology is established at Kalyanpur (Aligarh) and Ghosi (Mau).
Power Resources (Current Situation)
As on 31 March, 2023, total installed capacity of electricity in Uttar Pradesh is 31510.79 MW; under this :
- thermal energy contributes 25788.14 MW ( 81.84%),
- nuclear energy 440 MW ( 1.39% ),
- hydropower 501.60 MW ( 1.62% ) and
- renewable energy 4781.05 ( 15.17% ) MW.
Under thermal power, coal based plants have an installed capacity of 24295.00 MW and gas based plants have an installed capacity of 1493.14 MW.
The total installed capacity of electricity in the state is 6585.70 MW under state sector, 11511.95 MW under private sector and 13413.14 MW under central sector.
The total electricity generation in Uttar Pradesh during the year 2022-23 (April – March) increased to 136830.3 GWH as compared to 156223.8 GWH in the previous year.
The annual per capita power generation in the state is 112 KWH (2021–22).
The annual per capita electricity consumption in the state is 402 KWH ( 2021–22 ).
The number of fully electrified villages in the state is 97,814 (2019-20).
The combined total generation capacity of state, central, joint, private, solar, nuclear etc. in the state is 24,899 million units (24,899 MW) for 2021-22. This capacity has increased to 31,510.79 MW by March 31, 2023.
Comparison of Power Consumption & Installed Capacity : India & UP
1. Power Consumption comparison Table –
| CATEGORY | UP ( 2020-21 ) | INDIA ( 2020-21 ) |
| 1. %ge of electrified village to total inhabited villages | 100% | 100% |
| 2. Per Capita Electricity Consumption | 634 KWh | 1161KWH |
| 3. Consumption of Electricity by Categories | ||
| Industrial | 17.6% | 41.1% |
| Agriculture | 20.9% | 17.5% |
| Domestic | 48% | 25.7% |
| Others | 13.5% | 15.7 |
2. Installed Capacity comparison Table –
| SECTOR | UP
(31/03/2023) |
INDIA
(30/04/2023) |
| Centre sector | 13,413.14MW ( 42.57% ) | 1,00,055MW ( 24.0% ) |
| State sector | 6,585.70MW ( 20.9% ) | 1,05,726MW ( 25.4% ) |
| Private sector | 11,511.95MW ( 36.53% ) | 2,10,810MW ( 50.6% ) |
| Total | 31,510.79MW ( 100% ) | 4,16,591MW ( 100% ) |
Thermal Power (State Government, Central Government and Centre-State Joint)
Thermal power has the maximum contribution in the state’s total power generation.
The names of the thermal power projects being produced by the State Power Generation Corporation are as follows:
- Harduaganj (Aligarh)
- Pareechha (Jhansi)
- Anpara (Sonbhadra)
- Obra (Sonbhadra)
There are total 24 units in the above mentioned 4 projects of Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam. Their total installed capacity is 6,134 MW.
A new unit of 660 MW power generation capacity is under construction by closing the old unit of State Power Generation Corporation’s Panki (Kanpur) plant.
The oldest thermal project of the state is ‘Harduaganj Thermal Project’ (1942). It was revived in 1967 with the help of the Soviet Union.
The 1980 MW joint thermal project of Central Company Neyveli Lignite and Government of Uttar Pradesh is being established in Ghatampur (Kanpur city).
The first unit of the 1240 MW joint thermal project of the Central Company NTPC and Uttar Pradesh Government located at Meja (Prayagraj) has been commissioned and the work of the second unit is in progress.
NTPC has a total of 9 projects in production in the state. NTPC has total 5 thermal projects in the state. NTPC has 2 gas and 2 solar power projects in the state.
Thermal Power (Private Sector)
Rosa Thermal Power Project is established in Shahjahanpur. It is operated by Reliance Group. It has an installed generation capacity of 1,200 MW.
Bara (Sangam) thermal power project is established in Prayagraj. It has an installed generation capacity of 1,980 MW. It is operated by Tata Group.
The Lalitpur Thermal Power Project is operated by the Bajaj Group. It has an installed generation capacity of 1980 MW.
Hydropower
Rihand, Obra, Matatila, Sheetla, Upper Ganga Canal, Eastern Yamuna Canal and Khara etc. are the hydropower projects of the state government.
The installed capacity of all (7) hydroelectric projects of the state government is 501.60 MW.
The biggest hydroelectric project of the state has been built on the Rihand river. Its name is Rihand Hydroelectric Project. It has an installed power generation capacity of 300 MW.
The name of the second largest hydroelectric project of the state is Obra Hydroelectric Project. Its capacity is 99 MW.
Both Rihand and Obra hydroelectric projects have been built on Rihand river and both are located in Sonbhadra district.
Matatila Hydro Electric Project is in Lalitpur district and it is built on Betwa river. It has an installed power generation capacity of 30.6 MW.
The Khara Hydroelectric Project has been built on the Yamuna Canal in Saharanpur district. Its installed power generation capacity is 72 MW.
Sheetla Hydro Electric Project is located at Moth, Jhansi.
Most of the hydro power generation centers are established on the Upper Ganga Canal.
The Tehri hydroelectric project is established in Uttarakhand at the confluence of Bhagirathi and Bhilangana. This is a joint project of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and the Centre.
Non-Conventional Energy
The Alternative Energy Development Institute in the state, which was later renamed as ‘Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA)’, was formed in 1983.
UPNEDA has established the following centers for research, development and training on new and renewable energy sources in collaboration with the Centre:
- Chinhat (Lucknow),
- Ghosi (Mau) and
- Kannauj.
Under the Solar Energy Policy – 2017, a solar power generation target of 10,700 MW was set by 2022.
Under the Solar Energy Policy-2022, the target of solar energy production in the next 5 years has been set at 22 thousand MW.
Under the Solar Park Scheme of the Government of India, solar parks are being developed in Prayagraj, Mirzapur, Jalaun and Kanpur Dehat districts of the state.
State’s largest floating solar power plant is being set up in Rihand reservoir of Sonbhadra district.
Solar power parks are being set up by NTPC at Singrauli, Unchahar and Dadri.
Lucknow Collectorate is the first collectorate in the state to generate solar power.
Kaiserbagh bus stand of Lucknow district is the first bus station in the state illuminated by solar energy.
With the help of the Centre, Agra, Moradabad and Prayagraj of the state are being developed as solar cities.
Waste-based bio-pulp plants based on straw, straw, cow dung, sugarcane bagasse, organic waste etc. are being set up in almost all the districts.
Water Resources In Uttar Pradesh
Planning and management of renewable and non-renewable energy resources of UP