UP Government Schemes, Projects and Planned Development for welfare of People

Introduction

The Uttar Pradesh government has consistently strived to improve the well-being and quality of life for its residents through a diverse range of schemes, projects, and planned developments. With a commitment to addressing various social, economic, and infrastructural challenges, the government has launched numerous initiatives aimed at enhancing the welfare of the people of Uttar Pradesh. These efforts span sectors such as healthcare, education, housing, agriculture, and more, with the overarching goal of fostering inclusive growth and prosperity across the state. In this overview, we will explore some of the key government schemes, projects, and planned developments that are contributing to the betterment of the lives of Uttar Pradesh’s citizens.

SC/ST Welfare Schemes

Introduction

The Social Welfare Department was established in 1955 for the welfare of SC/ST communities in the state. In 1995, the Uttar Pradesh Scheduled Tribe Welfare Department was separated from it and established independently. Many schemes for these sections are being operated under the supervision of this department, including a scholarship scheme, a book-bank scheme, grants to primary schools, the establishment of government ashram system schools and hostels, a free boring scheme, a special component scheme, etc.

Reservation

• 23% of seats are reserved for SC/ST individuals in government services and educational institutions in the state.
• Additionally, 89 seats in the State Legislative Assembly are reserved for SC/ST representatives.

Protection against Untouchability and Atrocities

With the aim of ending the feeling of untouchability and protecting them from atrocities, two laws passed by the Central Government have been implemented throughout the entire state:

• The Civil Protection Act, 1955
• The Scheduled Caste/Tribe Prevention of Atrocities Act, 1989

Special courts have also been established in 40 districts for the speedy disposal of SC/ST cases.

Under the Social Welfare Department, the Chief Minister Group Marriage Scheme is being operated to facilitate the marriage of daughters from families below the poverty line.

Uttar Pradesh Samaj Kalyan Nirman Nigam Ltd. (UPSKNN) 

• This corporation was established on June 25, 1976.
• The corporation formulates and implements various employment schemes for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections in the state.

Uttar Pradesh Schedule Caste Finance and Development Nigam Ltd.

• This corporation was established in 1975.
• This corporation is operating several self-employment schemes for the poor and unemployed Scheduled Caste people residing in the state.
• Some of the schemes run by this corporation are as follows:

1. Deendayal Upadhyaya Self-Employment Scheme –

• This self-employment scheme for Scheduled Castes below the poverty line has been implemented since the year 1980-81.
• Under this scheme, agricultural and non-agricultural sector projects costing up to Rs 15 lakh are financed.

2. Urban Area Shop Construction Scheme –

• The aim is to provide self-employment opportunities to Scheduled Caste individuals in urban areas.
• The cost of shop construction varies :
  • Rs 78,000 in plain areas.
  • Rs 82,000 in black soil areas.
  • Rs 85,000 in salt soil areas.
• Beneficiaries receive a grant of Rs 10,000, and the remaining amount is provided as an interest-free loan.
• To be eligible for the scheme, the beneficiary must possess 13.32 square meters of private land in the commercial area.

3. Laundry and Dry Cleaning Scheme –

• This scheme provides financial assistance for projects ranging from Rs 1 lakh to Rs 2.16 lakh.
• Out of this amount, Rs 10,000 is provided as a grant.
• The remaining balance is offered as an interest-free loan.
• The loan is repaid in equal monthly instalments over a period of five years.

4. Skill Enhancement Training Schemes –

• Various skill enhancement training schemes are offered free of cost to benefit poor and unemployed Scheduled Caste individuals in the state.
• These schemes include training in computer skills, sewing, embroidery, automobile repair, TV and radio repair, food processing, refrigeration, air conditioner repair, typing, and shorthand.
• Trainees receive a stipend of up to Rs 600 per month during the training period to support their living expenses.

SC/ST Research and Training Institute –

• This institute was established in the state in January 1987 in Lucknow.
• The institute is established under the Research Training Scheme of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India.

Uniform and Bicycle Grant Scheme —

• This scheme was initiated during the financial year 2003-2004.
• The scheme aimed to provide free uniforms and bicycles to incentivize economically disadvantaged girl students.
• These students belong to classes 6-12 and are part of the Scheduled Tribes community.
• This assistance is specifically targeted at those who do not attend ashram system schools operated by the department.

Free School Dress Scheme –

• The scheme commenced in September 2005.
• Its primary goal is to enhance the education of girls participating in the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
• The scheme achieves this by providing free uniforms to all female students from classes 1 to 5.
• These beneficiaries are drawn from both rural and urban slum areas.

Coaching Scheme –

• A total of 8 coaching centers are in operation.
• These centers are dedicated to preparing Scheduled Caste/Tribe students for competitive examinations, including IAS/PCS.
• Students enrolled in these centers receive free coaching, along with additional benefits such as food, accommodation, and access to library facilities.
• The centers are located in various cities:

1. 1. Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Sodh Evam Prashikshan Sansthan, Bhagidari Bhawa, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow.
   2. Adarsh Parikha Purv Prakshikshan Kendra, Aliganj, Lucknow (for women only).
   3. B.R. Ambedkar Parikha Purv Prashikhan Kendra, Agra.
   4. B.R. Ambedkar Parikha Purv Prashikshan Kendra, Aligarh.
   5. Government IAS/PCS Coaching Centre, Gorakhpur.
   6. Sant Ravidas IAS/PCS Pariksha Purv Prashikshan Kendra, Varanasi.
   7. Government IAS/PCS Coaching Centre, Hapur.
   8. Judicial Service Pre Examination Coaching Centre, Prayagraj.

Book Bank Scheme –

• The Book Bank Scheme has been operational since the academic year 1978-79.
• Its purpose is to provide costly textbooks to students belonging to the SC/ST communities who are pursuing education in fields such as medicine, engineering, agricultural graduation, and commerce, among others.
• The scheme operates with a 50-50 percent funding partnership between the Central and State Governments.

Jaiprakash Narayan Sarvodaya Vidyalaya –

• There are a total of 94 Sarvodaya Vidyalayas in the state.
• These schools are operated by the Social Welfare Department and cater to both boys and girls.
• They serve students from various categories, including Scheduled Caste, Vimukt Caste, Backward Caste, and the General Category. Among these, there are 66 boys’ schools and 28 girls’ schools.

Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Yojana –

• This scheme was initiated in August 2004.
• The primary objective of this scheme is to establish residential schools for girls.
• These schools are located in economically disadvantaged blocks, particularly in areas with a significant presence of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, and minority communities.

Ashram Method Schools :

• The Social Welfare Department operates a total of 94 Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Government Ashram Method Schools in the state.
• These schools cater to BPL (Below Poverty Line) children from class 1 to 12.
• Admission provisions include 60 percent for Scheduled Caste-Tribe students, 25 percent for Other Backward Class students, and 15 percent for students from the general category.
• These schools follow the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) curriculum and are modelled after Navodaya Vidyalaya.
• The government covers the expenses for various facilities, including free education, housing, and clothing for the students.
• Among these schools, 9 are exclusively for ST (Scheduled Tribe) boys and girls.

Pre-10^th (पूर्वदशम) Scholarship Scheme :

• This scheme, in operation since 1995, provides scholarships to eligible students from class 1 to 10.
• Additionally, books are distributed to these students through the Book Bank Scheme.
• The state government administers and operates this scheme.

Post-10^th  (दशमोत्तर) Scholarship Scheme :

• This scheme is administered by the Central Government.
• It provides scholarships to students in classes above the 10th grade.
• Additionally, the Book Bank Scheme offers books to students beyond the 10th grade.

Technical Education :

• To provide technical and vocational training to Scheduled Caste students, there are currently two polytechnic institutes in Lucknow, one in Gorakhpur, and one industrial training institute each in Lucknow, Gorakhpur, and Mirzapur.
• In addition to these institutes, there are two engineering colleges and 12 industrial training institutes (ITIs) included in the Scheduled Caste/Tribe sub-plan.
• New polytechnics are also under establishment.

Government Industrial Estates :

• Industrial estates are operational in 9 districts of the state.
• These estates aim to facilitate Scheduled Caste individuals in establishing industries in urban areas.

Hostel :

• To address the housing needs of SC students studying at a distance, a total of 252 hostels are under construction.
• Out of these, 75 are designated for girls, and 177 are for boys.
• These hostels are part of the Government Scheduled Caste Hostel Scheme.

Integrated Tribal Development Projects :

• Various development projects are implemented in the state to address the varying social, economic, and geographical conditions among different tribes.
• These projects include :

1. Integrated Tribal Development Project in Chandan Chowki, Lakhimpur.
2. Tharu Development Project in Vishunpur Vishram, Balrampur.
3. Buxa Development Project in Najibabad, Bijnor.
4. Integrated Tribal Development Project in Sonbhadra.
5. Dispersed Tribal Development Projects in Shravasti, Bahraich, and Maharajganj.

Programs under Article 275(1) :

• Central assistance received for the development of tribes under Article 275(1) of the Constitution is utilised through Integrated Tribal Development Projects.

Backward class welfare

Introduction :
More than half (54%) of the total state population belongs to backward classes. Prior to 1995, welfare programs for this class were administered by the Social Welfare Department. On August 2, 1995, a separate department named the Uttar Pradesh Backward Classes Welfare Department was established for their welfare.

Reservation :

The reservation system allocates 27% of seats for backward class individuals in government services, schools, colleges, and universities.

The Uttar Pradesh State Backward Classes Commission :

• The Uttar Pradesh State Backward Classes Commission was established in March 1993.
• The Chairman holds the status of a Minister of State.

The Directorate of Backward Classes Welfare :

• The Directorate of Backward Classes Welfare runs various schemes for the educational upliftment of backward class people.
• These schemes include pre-10th scholarships, post-10th scholarships, admission fee reimbursement for post-10th classes, computer training, and hostel facilities, among others.

The Uttar Pradesh Backward Classes Finance Development Corporation :

• The Uttar Pradesh Backward Classes Finance Development Corporation was established in September 1989 with the aim of facilitating the comprehensive development of backward classes.
• This corporation serves as the channelizing agency for the National Backward Classes Finance Corporation.
• It operates its programs by obtaining loans from the National Corporation.
• The corporation offers various schemes, including :
• Margin Money Loan Scheme
• Term Loan Scheme
• Nav Swarnima Yojana (providing loans to promote self-reliance among women)
• Mahila Samriddhi Yojana
• Shilp Sampada Yojana
• Saksham Yojana
• Micro Credit Scheme
• Various educational schemes within the state.

The Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Scholarship Scheme :

• The Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Scholarship Scheme is the largest scholarship program in the state, designed for students from backward classes.

The Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar Scholarship Scheme :

• The Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar Scholarship Scheme was initiated in 2005 with the objective of offering regular scholarships to students from backward classes.

The Hostel Construction Scheme :

• With the aim of providing residential facilities to students from backward classes, the Hostel Construction Scheme was initiated in the year 2002-2003.

Women and child welfare schemes

As part of the administrative machinery for women’s welfare and child development in the state, the ‘Directorate of Child Development Services and Nutrition’ was first established in 1988. A year later, in 1989, the ‘Women and Child Development Department’ was also established. This department oversees the implementation of numerous schemes related to women and child development.

The Integrated Child Development Services :

• The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) commenced in the state in 1975, initially in 3 development blocks with assistance from the Centre.
• Currently, the state operates 897 Integrated Child Development Projects under the Directorate of Child Development.
• On average, there are 150 Anganwadi centers within each project.
• There is one assistant assigned to every 25 centers.
• Presently, there are a total of 189,789 Anganwadi centers and mini centers across the state.
• Beneficiaries of this programme include :
  • Children aged between 6 months to 6 years
  • Pregnant and lactating women aged between 20 to 45 years
  • Adolescent girls aged between 11 to 18 years
• Services provided under this scheme encompass:
  • Supplementary nutrition ( nutritional supplement)
  • Vaccination (health immunization)
  • Health checkup
  • Nutrition and health education
  • Pre-school education
  • Referral services
• Pre-school education is offered to children aged 3 to 6 years at Anganwadi centers.
• Supplementary nutrition includes:
  • Energy-dense food with 500 calories and 14 grams of protein provided to children aged 6 months to 3 years.
  • Energy-rich food with 600 calories and 18 grams of protein provided to lactating/pregnant women daily.
  • Food containing 500 calories of energy and 15 grams of protein for children aged 3 to 6 years.
• The Hot Cooked Scheme is implemented in all the projects throughout the state.
• Starting from January 14, 2019, the Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG), also known as Sabla, is being administered by the state government in 897 projects across all districts. It targets adolescent girls aged 11 to 14 years who have dropped out of school.

The Uttar Pradesh Women Welfare Corporation :

• The Uttar Pradesh Women Welfare Corporation was established in 1988 under the Women and Child Development Department.
• The corporation administers many schemes aimed at the all-round development of women, including the Single Working Women Housing Scheme, Swayam Siddha Scheme, Rajiv Gandhi National Crèche Scheme, National Women’s Fund Scheme, Priyadarshini Scheme, and the Old Women Ashram, among others.

Shabari Sankalp Nutrition Scheme –

• The Shabari Sankalp Nutrition Scheme, also known as the Shabari Sankalp Yojana, was initiated by the state government on October 23, 2017, with the goal of addressing malnutrition among women and children.
• This scheme is implemented in the 39 districts of the state with the highest prevalence of malnutrition.
• It involves identifying malnourished women and children in these selected districts and directly transferring money to their accounts.

Rajiv Gandhi Kishori Girls Empowerment Scheme (Sabla) :

• Rajiv Gandhi Kishori Girls Empowerment Scheme (Sabla), which includes Kishori Shakti Yojana and the Nutrition Program for Adolescent Girls Scheme, was initiated for the all-round development of adolescent girls.
• This scheme was launched by the Central Government in 200 districts across the country in 2010.
• Starting from April 2011, it has been extended to include all districts in the country.
• Its primary objective is to provide education on nutrition, health, child rearing, household management, and life skills to adolescent girls aged 11 to 18 years who are below the poverty line and do not attend school.
• It also aims to monitor their health and provide information about essential services such as primary health centers, post offices, banks, and police stations.
• Under this scheme, ‘supplementary nutrition’ is provided to adolescent girls.
• In 2018, the Child Development Service Scheme and Kishori Shakti Scheme were integrated into this program.

Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana :

• This scheme was launched in Lucknow on October 25, 2019.
• It aligns with the ‘Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao’ campaign initiated by the Central Government.
• The scheme is specifically designed to benefit the daughters of economically disadvantaged families in the state.
• Under this scheme, a total of Rs 25,000 is provided in six different stages, starting from the birth of the girl child until she reaches 12th grade or completes her diploma.
• This scheme is applicable to families with up to two daughters.

Mukhyamantri Samuhik Vivah Yojana :

• The Chief Minister Group Marriage Scheme has been in operation by the government since the year 2017-18.
• The scheme aims to facilitate the marriages of daughters from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, including those from SC, ST, Backward, Minority, and General categories in the state.
• Under this scheme, each couple receives a total of Rs 51,000, which includes:
  • Rs 35,000 in cash
  • Rs 10,000 worth of materials
  • Rs 6,000 for organizing expenses
• It is mandatory for at least 10 couples to participate in this scheme to avail its benefits.

Bhagya Lakshmi Yojana –

• This scheme was initiated in 2017 with the objective of preventing female foeticide and regulating the sex ratio in the state.
• Under this scheme, BPL (Below Poverty Line) families are eligible for various financial incentives :
  • A development bond of Rs 50,000 is provided at the time of the daughter’s birth.
  • Rs 3,000 is given when the daughter reaches class 6.
  • Rs 5,000 is provided when the daughter reaches class 8.
  • Rs 7,000 is given when the daughter reaches class 10.
  • Rs 8,000 is given when daughter reaches class 12.
• This scheme is applicable only for families with the birth of up to two daughters.

Mukhyamantri Medhavi Balika Shiksha Samvardhan Yojana :

• The state government introduced the ‘Mukhyamantri Medhavi Balika Shiksha Samvardhan Yojana’ in 2017, replacing the previous government’s Kanya Vidyadhan Yojana.
• Under this scheme, approximately one lakh meritorious girl students in the state who have successfully completed class 10th will receive Rs. 10,000 each.
• The assistance is provided in the form of a scholarship to support their education.

The Swadhar Shelter Home Scheme :

• The Swadhar Shelter Home Scheme ( स्वाधार आश्रय गृह योजना ) was initiated in the year 2001-02.
• Its primary objective is to offer shelter to the destitute, individuals released from jail, and women freed from prostitution.
• The scheme also provides essential services such as medical counseling, legal aid, training, and support for achieving economic self-reliance.
• A Swadhar Center has been established in Vrindavan through cooperation with the Government of India.

The Swayamsiddha Scheme :

• The Swayamsiddha Scheme receives funding from the Government of India.
• Previously, this scheme was known as the Indira Mahila Yojana and was administered through the ICDS.
• It has been operating under the name Swayam Siddha since 2002-2003.
• The scheme involves the formation of self-help groups of women at similar levels.
• These groups are encouraged to practice small savings and develop internal credit mechanisms among themselves.
• Accounts for such self-help groups, which have demonstrated proficiency in savings and internal loans, are opened in local banks.
• These banks also provide loans, typically around four times the savings amount of the group.
• Women in these group accounts become self-reliant by engaging in various income-generating activities according to their preferences.

State Nutrition Mission –

• To address the issue of malnutrition in the state, the State Nutrition Mission was initiated on November 1, 2014.

Old Women Home ( वृद्ध महिला आश्रम ) :

• Seventeen Old Women’s Homes are operated at the 17 divisional headquarters of the state, providing a refuge for lonely and helpless women.

Asha Jyoti Kendra :

• Rani Lakshmibai Asha Jyoti Kendras have been established in the districts of the state since 2015.
• These centers offer a range of services under one roof for women and girls who are victims of heinous violence.
• Services include a women’s helpline, women’s police station, legal aid, skill development, short-stay facilities, and medical assistance.
• Additionally, the Rani Laxmibai Mahila Aur Bal Samman Kosh has been established.
• This fund is intended to provide immediate medical relief, maintenance, or other financial assistance to women and girl victims of violence who are in need.

Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 :

• A Director of Women Welfare has been appointed to ensure the effective implementation of this law.
• In addition, the state government offers various forms of assistance to women affected by dowry issues.

Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act 1956 :

• Under this Act, there is a rescue office located in each of the 7 divisional headquarters of the state.
• Rescue officers are assigned to these offices.
• Periodically, these offices, with the assistance of the police, carry out raids at potential places of prostitution.
• The primary goal is to free women involved in such activities.

Government Protection Home :

• Under the Immoral Traffic Prevention Act, 1956, two Government Protection Homes were established in Agra and Varanasi districts during the year 1960-61.
• These homes offer protection and shelter to women and girls rescued from brothels and similar establishments.
• There are also 10 district women’s shelters in the state under the provisions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and other acts.
• These shelters serve as places of refuge and support for women in need.

State Women’s Commission :

• The notification for the formation of the State Women’s Commission was issued in August 2004 under the Uttar Pradesh State Women’s Commission Act, 2004.
• The primary purpose of its establishment is to be dedicated to:
• The protection of women’s rights
• Ensuring their proper development and welfare.
• The Chairman of the State Women’s Commission holds the status of a Minister of State.

Juvenile Justice Board :

• To safeguard the childhood of juvenile delinquents (offenders under 18 years of age), a separate Justice Board is constituted to handle their cases.
• These boards have been established in nearly all the districts of the state.
• Rather than being incarcerated in jails, juvenile delinquents are placed in observation homes during their detention.
• In the state, there are Government Observation Homes (Teenagers) located in 19 districts, including Bareilly, Agra, Mathura, Lalitpur, Lucknow, Meerut, Moradabad, Varanasi, and others.
• Additionally, there are Government Observation Homes (Teenager girls) in 5 districts, such as Barabanki, Moradabad, Mirzapur, Sitapur, and Ghaziabad.

Bal-Samvad Lok Adalats :

• From August 2012, Bal-Samvad Lok Adalats have started being organized along with Justice Board for speedy disposal of cases related to juvenile delinquency.

Child Rights Protection Commission :

• This commission has been formed in 2013 to protect the rights of children.

Government Children’s Home ( राजकीय बाल गृह ) :

• There are 5 homes for infants.
• 10 homes are available for boys between the ages of 10 to 18 years.
• Additionally, there are 4 homes specifically designated for girls.

Family Welfare

• The Family Planning program was initiated by the Government of India in 1955.
• In Uttar Pradesh, it was put into action in 1957.
• In 1965, family planning was separated, leading to the formation of the ‘State Family Planning Bureau.’
• In 1977, the name of the family planning program was changed to the ‘Family Welfare Bureau.’
• In 1995, it was further separated to establish the ‘Directorate General of Family Welfare.’
• Through the Directorate General of Family Welfare, several services and programs are administered in the state, including:
  • Child health services
  • Maternal health services
  • Contraceptive services
  • Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act implementation
  • Family Welfare Insurance Scheme
  • National Rural Health Mission
  • Janani Suraksha Yojana, among others.

Family welfare and maternal welfare facilities sub-centres :

• Family welfare and maternal welfare facilities in rural areas are provided through sub-centres.
• In plain areas, a sub-centre is established for a population of 5000.
• In Bundelkhand areas, a sub-centre is established for a population of 3000.
• Currently, there are a total of 15,278 sub-centres in the state.

Family welfare centers in ‘urban’ areas are divided into three categories :

• First-class centers serve a population ranging from one to two and a half thousand.
• Second-class centers cater to a population of two and a half to five thousand.
• Third-class centers are established for populations exceeding five thousand.

National Health Mission :

• The Ministry of Family Welfare initiated a health improvement scheme on 12 April 2005.
• This scheme encompasses various programs, including :
  • Janani Suraksha Yojana
  • Janani Shishu Suraksha Programme
  • Child Health Programme
  • National Child Health Programme
  • National Adolescent Health Programme
  • Family Planning Programme
  • Regular Immunization
  • Ambulance Services
  • National Urban Health Programme, among others.

Mission Parivar Vikas :

• This scheme has been operational in 57 districts of the state since 24 April 2017.
• The primary aim of this scheme is to promote and encourage the use of contraception for family planning.

Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act :

• Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (Prevention of Sex Selection) Act 1994 is applicable in the state to prevent female foeticide.

Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) :

• An Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is a community health worker employed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW).
• ASHA is a vital component of India’s National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).
• The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was initiated in 2005 by the Indian government.
• In rural areas, one health worker known as ‘ASHA’ is selected for every 1000 population.
• ASHA serves as a link worker, connecting the community (the individuals) with the health department.
• When ASHA brings a case, they receive financial support from the health department.

Urban Social Health Activist (USHA) :

• On the lines of ASHA, Usha has been selected in urban areas since 2009.
• Urban Social Health Activist (USHA)
• The NUHM scheme mandates the presence of USHA community workers in all slums and communities.
• Their primary responsibility is to deliver essential services to residents at their doorsteps.
• Typically, a USHA worker is a resident of a slum and falls within the age range of 25 to 45 years.
• Each USHA worker is tasked with overseeing approximately 250-500 households, benefiting around 1000-2500 individuals.
• A USHA worker plays a crucial role as a link between the facilities of an Urban Primary Health Centre and the slum population.

Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)

• JSY is a scheme designed for women living below the poverty line.
• It commenced on April 12, 2005, and replaced the ‘National Maternity Benefit Scheme.’
• It is a component of the ‘National Rural Health Mission.’
• The scheme’s primary objective is to reduce maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate.
• It provides benefits to women above 19 years of age during their first two live deliveries.
• Women receive financial assistance to support institutional delivery.

National Family Benefit Scheme :

• Under this scheme, a lump sum grant of Rs 30,000 is given on the death of an earning member of the family living below the poverty line when he is above 18 years of age or below 60 years of age.

Elderly welfare

In 2001, the year was celebrated as the ‘Year of the Elderly’ in honour of the elderly in the state and the country. Many programs are being implemented by both state and central governments in response to the deteriorating conditions faced by the elderly in society.

The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 :

• In the interest of the elderly, the Central Government enacted a law in 2007 known as the ‘Parents Maintenance Act-2007’.
• Under the Maintenance and Welfare Act of 2007, the Maintenance and Welfare Rules for Parents and Senior Citizens in Uttar Pradesh were published on 20-02-2014.
• According to this rule, there is a provision for setting up a smoking area in each ‘pargana’ in the state. The Maintenance Tribunal primarily orders the opposing party to pay maintenance of up to Rs 10,000.
• An Appeal Tribunal is also being established in each district. This tribunal handles appeals from the aggrieved party against the orders of the Maintenance Tribunal. The responsibility for overseeing maintenance officers, Maintenance Tribunals, and old age homes lies at the district level.
• Old age homes with a capacity of 150 residents have been established in all the ‘ashrams’ of the state. Senior citizens above 60 years of age can live in them, with every necessary facility provided.

Old Age / Farmer Pension Scheme :

• This scheme is funded jointly by the Central and State Governments.
• It is administered by the State Social Welfare Department.
• The scheme provides a pension to elderly individuals aged between 60 to 79 years.
• Eligible beneficiaries receive a pension of Rs 500 per month, distributed in quarterly instalments.
• Elderly people aged 80 years or above receive a higher pension of Rs 800 per month.

Operation of disabled and old age homes :

• In the state, there is a residential home in Lucknow with a capacity of 50 for old and disabled men.
• Additionally, there is a home for women located in Varanasi.
• These facilities provide residential accommodations for elderly people aged 60 years and above.
• Beneficiaries receive maintenance allowances to support their daily living expenses.

Operation of Government Beggary Homes :

• Since 1975, the State Government has implemented the Prohibition of Beggary Act with the aim of discouraging the social issue of beggary.
• Under this act, mendicant homes have been established in several cities, including Varanasi, Agra, Prayagraj, Lucknow, Kanpur Nagar, and Mathura.
• Additionally, two mendicant homes, one for women and one for men, have been set up in Faizabad.
• Each of these homes has a capacity to accommodate 200 monks.

Annapurna Scheme :

• This scheme was started by the state government in 1999-2000.
• Under this, destitute people above 60 years of age get 10 kg wheat per month.

Welfare of Soldiers and Freedom Fighters

For the welfare of ex-servicemen, disabled soldiers, and dependents of martyrs of the state, the State Military Department and its Directorate of Military Welfare and Rehabilitation have been established. District offices have also been established under the Directorate.

Ex-servicemen and soldier wives of World War II receive a monthly pension of Rs 6,000 from the state government.

A monthly pension of Rs 7,500 is granted to the legal dependents of 98 soldiers from the state who were martyred in the Kargil war.

Awarded soldiers :

Soldiers residing in the state who have been awarded Paramveer, Mahavir, Veer Chakra, Ashok Chakra, Kirti Chakra, Shaurya Chakra, Service Medal, War Service Medal, or any other decoration by the President are eligible for cash grants and annuities from the state government.

The fixed grant amounts for specific decorations are as follows :

• Paramvir Chakra: Rs 52 lakh
• Mahavir Chakra: Rs 31 lakh
• Veer Chakra: Rs 20.8 lakh
• Ashok Chakra: Rs 32.5 lakh
• Kirti Chakra: Rs 19.5 lakh
• Shaurya Chakra: Rs 13 lakh

Additionally, annuities are provided with the following amounts for the same decorations :

• Paramvir Chakra: Rs 3.12 lakh
• Mahavir Chakra: Rs 2.37 lakh
• Veer Chakra: Rs 1.37 lakh
• Ashok Chakra: Rs 1.56 lakh
• Kirti Chakra: Rs 1.30 lakh
• Shaurya Chakra: Rs 0.65 lakh

This structure provides financial support to these decorated soldiers for a period of 30 years.

Ex-servicemen are employed in both Central and State Government establishments, and various employment schemes are in place for those who are unable to secure employment.

The Freedom Fighters :

• The Freedom Fighters Pension Scheme was initiated in 1947, providing dependents of freedom fighters with a monthly pension of Rs 20,176.
• Freedom fighters are granted the privilege of free travel on State Transport Corporation buses, along with one companion.
• They receive complimentary treatment and meals at state government hospitals.
• To address the difficulties faced by these fighters, the Freedom Fighters Welfare Council was established in 1973 under the chairmanship of the Chief Minister.
• A grant of Rs 12,000 is allocated for the cremation of these fighters.
• Seva Sadan facilities are established in both Lucknow and Mathura to assist destitute fighters.

The democracy fighters of Uttar Pradesh who were detained in jail during the Emergency are provided with a pension of Rs 20,000 per month, free medical treatment, and free bus travel facilities.

Divyang Welfare

The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights, and Full Participation) Act, 1995 :

• For the definition of the term ‘disabled’ and the comprehensive welfare of disabled individuals, the Government of India passed the Disabled Persons (Equal Opportunities, Rights, Protection and Full Participation) Act, 1995.
• The Uttar Pradesh Government established a separate Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities on 12 August 1995.
• A disabled person is defined as someone who suffers from a disability of not less than 40 percent, as certified by a medical authority.

According to the 2011 census, 2.08% of the state’s total population is disabled.

The district with the highest number of disabled people is Kanpur.

Divyang Maintenance Scheme :

1. Purpose: The scheme aims to provide assistance to visually impaired, deaf and mute, physically disabled, and destitute individuals in the state.
2. Eligibility: Beneficiaries must meet the criteria of lacking personal means of livelihood and the ability to engage in strenuous work.
3. Grant Amount: The scheme offers a grant (pension) of Rs 1000 per month to each eligible beneficiary.
4. Categories Covered: The scheme encompasses individuals with visual impairments, hearing impairments, speech impairments, and physical disabilities.
5. Monthly Support: Beneficiaries receive the grant on a monthly basis to help with their living expenses and well-being.

Establishment of Talking Book Studio :

• The first Talking Book Studio in the state for visually impaired students has been established on the premises of the Government Blind School in Lucknow.

Establishment of Braille Press :

• There are four departmental blind schools currently operating in the state.
• These schools provide education using books printed in Braille script.
• Due to the state division, the Braille Press located in Dehradun was shifted to the Uttarakhand state. Therefore, a new Braille Press has been established in Lucknow for the state.

Government Blind School (Sparsh) :

• In the state, there is one blind school in each of the following locations:
  • Lucknow
  • Gorakhpur
  • Meerut
  • Banda
  • Saharanpur
• This totals five schools in the state.
• These schools offer free education through the Braille system.

Government Deaf-Mute School (Sanket) :

• For the purpose of education and rehabilitation of the deaf-mute, there is one school each in the following locations in Uttar Pradesh, India :
  • Lucknow
  • Agra
  • Bareilly
  • Farrukhabad
  • Gorakhpur
• These schools not only provide education to students with the assistance of hearing aids but also offer vocational training.

Government School for Mentally Underdeveloped (Mamata) :

• One school each for mentally underdeveloped drivers and girls is operational in the state of Uttar Pradesh, with the following locations :
  • Lucknow
  • Prayagraj
• In these schools, education is provided to both boys and girls through psychological methods, and they are also offered vocational training.

Government Disabled School (Prayas) :

• One school each is operating in Pratapgarh and Lucknow for physically disabled children, excluding those who are deaf, dumb, or visually impaired.

Skill Development Centre :

• Government workshops have been established in the following places :
  • Prayagraj
  • Unnao
  • Varanasi
• Purpose : Providing training to physically handicapped individuals.

With the aim of providing employment opportunities to visually impaired individuals and offering training in various professions, one vocational workshop is operational in each of the following cities : Lucknow, Gorakhpur, and Banda. Additionally, a workshop in Agra provides vocational training for the deaf and mute.

Multipurpose Skill Development Centre :

• Multipurpose skill development centers for disabled individuals have been established in Meerut and Moradabad, where training is provided to all categories of disabled people.

Divyang University :

• Shakuntala Mishra National Rehabilitation University was established in Lucknow in 2009 by the state government.
• This university allocates 50% of its seats for disabled individuals.
• Additionally, in the private sector, a University for the Disabled has been established in Chitrakoot.

Other major programmes related to disabled people

• There is a shelter home cum training Centre for destitute mentally retarded women in Bareilly, and similar facilities are available for men in Gorakhpur and Meerut.
• In Lucknow, the Government Inter College for the Blind has been established to train visually impaired teachers.
• Different categories of disabled people receive a pension of Rs 1000 per month, and they are also eligible for lump-sum assistance of up to a maximum of Rs 10,000 for the purchase of artificial limbs and hearing aids.
• The government provides incentives for the marriage of disabled persons.
• In Gorakhpur, a psycho-development centre has been established to support mentally handicapped children affected by encephalitis.
• Amravati Purushottam Multipurpose Disability Development Institute has been established in Varanasi.
• Seats in state services and poverty alleviation schemes have been reserved for disabled individuals.
• There is a provision of 4% reservation and a 15-year age limit relaxation for disabled individuals in Group A and B of the State Service.
• People with more than 40% disability are entitled to free travel in ordinary class government buses.
• In Lucknow, Prayagraj, Agra, Varanasi, Saharanpur, Jhansi, Bareilly, and Gautam Buddha Nagar, the government has been operating childhood day care centers since 2009-10 for the education and training of disabled children aged 3 to 7 years.
• The government runs the Leprosy Pension Scheme for individuals suffering from leprosy.
• An Artificial Limbs/Assistive Devices Scheme is also in operation.
• A shelter home cum training centre is being run for mentally retarded and mentally handicapped individuals.
• There are three centers in Lucknow that manufacture artificial limbs for disabled people.

Minority Welfare

• According to the 2011 Census, the government has declared 21 districts in Uttar Pradesh, where the population of minorities, especially Muslims, is 20% or more, as minority-dominated districts. Additionally, 57 development blocks/tehsils in the state have been declared as educationally backward minority-dominated development blocks.
• The district with the highest percentage of minorities is Rampur, with 50.57%, followed by Moradabad, Bijnor, and Auraiya, respectively.
• Similar to the Central Government, the State Government has also granted minority status to the Jain This decision was made under the Uttar Pradesh Minorities Commission Act, 1994. Prior to this, only the Muslim, Sikh, Christian, Buddhist, and Parsi communities had minority status.

Minority Welfare and Waqf :

• Aim to address specific problems of minority communities.
• Focus on social and economic development.
• Integration of minorities into the nation and society.
• Establishment of the Minority Welfare and Waqf Department :
  • Formed by the government in August 1995.
  • Responsible for implementing, operating, and coordinating these schemes and programs.

Minority Commission :

• The Minority Commission was established in 1994 with the following objectives:
  • Protecting the constitutional rights of minorities in the state.
  • Studying the problems faced by minorities.
  • Providing advice to the government as needed.
• The Chairman of the commission holds the status of Minister of State.

Waqf Development Corporation Limited :

• This corporation was established on April 27, 1987, with the following aims :
  • Protecting and developing Waqf properties in the state.
  • Strengthening the economic condition of Waqf institutions.

Minority Financial and Development Corporation :

• The Uttar Pradesh Minority Financial and Development Corporation was established as a company on November 17, 1984, in Lucknow by the state government.
• Its primary purpose is to promote the welfare of minorities.
• The Corporation operates the Term Loan Scheme for minority welfare using its share capital and loans received from the National Minorities Finance and Development Corporation.
• The Margin Money Loan Scheme is operated by obtaining loans from the state government.
• Vocational Training/Skill Improvement Scheme and Pre-examination Coaching Scheme are run with grants received from the government.

State Haj Committee :

• The Uttar Pradesh State Haj Committee was established in 2002.
• Its primary purpose is to facilitate the Haj pilgrimage for the Muslim community in the state of Uttar Pradesh.

Under the Waqf Act of 1995 :

• Uttar Pradesh Sunni Central Waqf Board and
• Uttar Pradesh Shia Central Waqf Board were established in the state in 1999.

Minority Self-Employment Scheme :

• The scheme was initiated in January 2009.
• Its objective is to promote self-reliance among the families of minority communities, including Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Parsis, and Jains, among others.

Other major programmes for minorities

• The Pre-10th and Post-10th Scholarship Scheme is available for children from low-income families in the minority community.
• The Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar Scholarship Scheme (2005-06) supports economically disadvantaged minority students pursuing professional education.
• The Medical/Engineering pre-examination coaching scheme has been operational since 2005-06.
• A scheme for reimbursing admission fees in medical, engineering, MBA, or university educational institutions has been in place since 2007-08.
• The Lucknow Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar Training and Research Institute was established in 2007-08. Its mission is to study the economic and social conditions of the Muslim community and provide eligible individuals with the facilities and rights they deserve.
• The Government of India runs a hostel scheme to improve the education of girls in minority-dominated areas.
• A language university has been established in Lucknow.
• The Arabic-Persian Madrassa Development Fund, established in 2001 with a cost of Rs 1 crore, supports the development of Arabic-Persian languages.
• The state government constituted the Arabic Persian Madrasa Board on December 18, 2008.
• A grant scheme is in place to support the marriage of daughters from poor or destitute families.

Sports and Youth Welfare

The first step in the field of youth welfare in the state was taken in 1947, when the Provincial Rakshak Dal was formed. Subsequently, in the year 1948, through the Uttar Pradesh Prantiya Rakshak Dal/Vikas Dal Act-1948, its role and objectives were confirmed by giving legal status to the Prantiya Rakshak Dal. In 1971, the name of the Provincial Rakshak Dal was changed to ‘Pradeshik Vikas Dal’ (Territory Development Dal).

‘Yuva Andolan Sangathan’ was established in the year 1956 with the aim of managing sports, gymnasiums, and other matters related to physical development and strengthening the youth movement in the state. As a result, ‘Yuvak Mangal Dal,’ an organisation of rural youth, began to form in Uttar Pradesh.

The Sports Department and Sports Directorate in the state were established in 1974 by taking over the Uttar Pradesh Sports Council.

There is a provision to reserve two percent of seats for sportspersons in government services.

The Laxman and Rani Laxmibai Award, a sports award named after Laxman/Rani Lakshmibai, is presented by the state government to encourage players. It includes a cash prize of Rs 3 lakh 11 thousand and a bronze statue of Lakshman/Queen Lakshmibai.

International Sports Awards – Cash awards are presented to the state’s players who achieve first, second, or third place in international competitions. These awards are given separately for singles and team games.

National Sports Award – Cash awards are granted by the state to players who secure first, second, or third place in national-level competitions and national games. This award is given separately for individual and team games.

Vivekananda Youth Award – Youth and Mahila Mangal Dals securing the first, second, and third positions in the state are honoured upon approval by the committee established at the government level.

Panchayat Yuva Krida aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA) – This joint scheme of the Government of India and the State Government, implemented in 2008-09, aims to foster the interest of rural youth and children in traditional sports. Since April 1, 2016, this scheme has been operating under the name ‘Khelo India.’ Under this scheme, sports infrastructure is being developed in rural areas of the state.

Encouragement to Yuva/Mangal Dal – Youth and women’s parties are established in the gram panchayats of rural areas. These parties facilitate participation in rural sports, social forestry, family welfare, small savings, adult education, labor donation, and other schemes of the Government of India and the State Government. This organization plays a crucial role in engaging youth in creative endeavors. The state government has recognized these parties as voluntary organizations and has entrusted them with the responsibility of forming self-help groups.

State Youth Policy-2016 : With the aim of instilling national values in approximately 39% of the state’s youth, aged between 14 to 35 years, and fostering a sense of unity and social harmony while raising awareness about eradicating social evils, the first edition of the State Youth Policy-2016 was launched on 8th September, 2016. Once State Youth Policy-2016 is promulgated, its primary objective is to enhance the skills of the state’s youth, preparing them for employment opportunities.

Uttar Pradesh Skill Development Mission : This scheme has been started in Uttar Pradesh in July 2013 to provide employment training to less educated youth aged 14 to 35 years and make them employable.

Labour welfare

The Labor Commissioner Organisation was established in the state with the aim of providing social security benefits to workers, regulating service conditions, ensuring a safe and healthy working environment, and guaranteeing the minimum wage and its timely payment, along with assured financial benefits.

Under the Minimum Wages Act of 1948 in the state, minimum wages for workers engaged in various occupations are periodically set.

A total of 20 labor courts are spread across 16 districts in the state to adjudicate labor-related cases. Kanpur has 4 courts, and Ghaziabad has 2.

An Industrial Tribunal is located in Prayagraj to handle industrial disputes, with 5 tribunals operating under it (Lucknow, Kanpur, Agra, Meerut, and Gorakhpur).

The UP Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (Labor Department) runs several schemes for the welfare of registered construction workers in the state. These schemes include the Child Benefit Scheme, Girl Child Aid Scheme, Death and Funeral Assistance, Accident Assistance Scheme, Serious Illness Assistance, Disability Pension Scheme, Meritorious Students Award Scheme, Solar Energy Scheme, Housing Assistance Scheme, Cycle Assistance Scheme, Pension Scheme, Skill Development Technical Upgradation and Certification Scheme, and the Construction Workers Daughter Marriage Grant Scheme.

According to the ‘Bonded Labor System Act of 1976‘ passed by the Government of India in 1976, the system of bonded labor has been abolished in the state. It has also been announced that the mortgaged property of bonded labourers will be released. A centrally funded scheme, with 50% funding from the Centre, is being implemented for the rehabilitation of bonded labourers.

Ending Child Labor – Child Labor Act 1986 : This Act completely prohibits the employment of child labor below 14 years of age in 16 occupations and 65 processes.

The employment of child labor is also prohibited under the Factories Act of 1948, the Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act of 1966, and the Motor Transport Workers Act of 1961.

For women workers, the Maternity Benefit Act was passed in 1961, providing for paid maternity leave. The Equal Remuneration Act, passed in 1976, ensures non-discrimination in salaries based on gender.

Under the Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Service Conditions) Act of 1996 and the Building and Other Construction (Regulation of Employment and Service Conditions) Rules of 2009, the responsibility for ensuring the safety of construction workers lies with the officers of the Director Factory Office.

Child Labor Project – Under the National Child Labor Project in the state, 200 schools have been approved for child labor in six child labor-dominated districts: Saharanpur, Mirzapur, Khurja (Bulandshahr), Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi), Varanasi, and Azamgarh. Out of these, 160 schools are currently in operation.

Government Labor Welfare Centers – These centers have been established in the state to provide facilities such as medical services, sports, entertainment, sewing-embroidery, and more to the workers and their families.

Mobile Cradle Scheme – The Mobile Cradle Scheme is operated through private institutions to care for the children of labouring women in the state.

Contributory Pension Scheme – This scheme was implemented in the state in May 2009. Under this scheme, there is a provision for employees who joined the state government’s service on or after April 1, 2005, to contribute ten percent of their salary, matched by an equal amount from the state government.

Shishu Hitlabh Yojana – Under this scheme, a registered laborer receives an annual nutritious food allowance of Rs 12,000 upon the birth of a daughter and Rs 10,000 upon the birth of a son.

Maternity Benefit Scheme – Registered women labourers receive Rs 12,000 upon delivery, provided in two instalments and applicable for up to two children.

Girl Child Assistance Scheme – A lump sum assistance of Rs 20,000 is granted upon the birth of a daughter in the household of a registered labourer. Registration at the Anganwadi centre within one year of the daughter’s birth is mandatory for eligibility.

Disability Pension Scheme – A monthly pension of Rs 1,000 for life is provided to a registered labourer if they become disabled while working.

Accident Assistance Scheme – An assistance of Rs 5 lakh is provided upon the death of a registered labourer, Rs 3 lakh for permanent disability, and Rs 2 lakh for partial disability.

Shramik Mid-day Meal Scheme – Launched in May 2015, the objective of this scheme is to offer a meal for ten rupees to each eligible registered construction worker.

Shramik Residential School Scheme – Launched in May 2015, the goal of this scheme is to provide residential school facilities to the children of registered workers aged 6-14 years.

Employees’ State Insurance Scheme – This social security program was first initiated in Kanpur in 1952. The scheme applies to factories operating on electricity with a minimum of 10 employees. Its operation depends on the contributions from workers and their employers. The scheme is implemented in 37 such districts of the state where there is an abundance of industries. It also provides medical facilities to insured workers and their families.

Employees Welfare Corporation – The State Employees Welfare Corporation was established in 1965 to offer everyday items to state employees at prices lower than the market rate and to provide canteen facilities.

Employment Office – The establishment of such offices in the state began in 1945. Currently, there are 111 employment offices and a total of 52 education and guidance centers aimed at enhancing the employability of candidates from economically weaker sections of society, such as Scheduled Castes, Tribes, and Backward Classes. Among the state’s employment offices, there are 57 district employment offices, 18 regional employment offices, 1 professional and managerial employment office, 16 employment offices for the disabled, 1 city employment office, and 13 university employment information and counselling centers. Additionally, there are 11 registration centers.

Other welfare programs

National Food Security Act, 2013:

• This Act became applicable throughout the state on March 1, 2016.
• Beneficiary Categories : The Act classifies beneficiaries into two categories: Antyodaya and eligible households.
• Antyodaya Category : People in the Antyodaya category receive 35 kg of food grains per month, comprising 20 kg of wheat and 15 kg of rice.
• Eligible Households Category : Those falling into the eligible households category receive 5 kg of food grains per unit per month, consisting of 3 kg of wheat and 2 kg of rice.
• Pricing : Both beneficiary categories receive wheat at the rate of Rs 2 per kg and rice at the rate of Rs 3 per kg.

Rural Food Grain Bank Scheme :

• Applicability: This scheme is applicable in 6 districts of Purvanchal (Mirzapur, Sonbhadra, Chandauli, Ghazipur, Mau, and Ballia) and seven districts of Bundelkhand since March-April 2007.
• Bank Establishment: Under this scheme, a total of 500 banks have been established in these districts, with each bank serving 40 beneficiaries.
• Loan Provision: Beneficiaries can avail up to 100 kg of food grains as a loan every year, which must be repaid within one year.
• Expansion: Similar banks are also being opened in 13 more districts.

Chief Minister Pension Scheme :

• Implementation Date: The state government initiated the Chief Minister Pension Scheme on April 1, 2018, replacing the previously run Samajwadi Pension Scheme.
• Eligibility: This scheme is exclusively for widows, disabled individuals, and the elderly who lack any source of income.
• Pension Amount: Under this scheme, a monthly pension of Rs 1000 is provided to the beneficiaries.
• Direct Transfer: The pension amount is directly deposited into the bank accounts of the beneficiaries.

Legislative Area Development Fund :

• Initiation: The Uttar Pradesh Government introduced this scheme in 1998-99.
• Annual Works: Currently, works with a budget of up to Rs 5 crore are carried out each year under the guidance of Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) from both Houses.
• Objective: The primary aim of this scheme is to address the immediate needs of the public for various purposes while promoting balanced development in the area.

Trade, Commerce and industries of UP

Trade, Commerce and industries of UP

Infrastructure and importance of Physical Resources

Uttar Pradesh Budget, 2023-24

Main Features of State Budgets

Overview of Economy of UP